Types of ADHD Medications
ADHD medications can help reduce symptoms by enhancing the way that neurons transmit messages. Some medications increase neurotransmitters while others slow down the process of reuptake.
Stimulants
Amphétamines, also known as methylphenidates, are the most frequently used stimulants for ADHD. They can begin working in as little as 20 minutes, and last for about four hours. They are available in liquid, pill or patch forms.
Stimulants
Stimulants are the most common type of prescription medications healthcare professionals employ to treat ADHD. They function by increasing levels of certain chemicals in the brain (neurotransmitters). These neurotransmitters help people focus, think and control their emotions. When people suffering from ADHD take stimulant medication, they often find that their symptoms are less severe. It may take a while for the doctor and patient to determine the appropriate medication for each patient.
Stimulant medications can be taken in pills or liquids. They are typically taken daily, either once or twice. Some are immediate-release, which means they start to work right away. non stimulant adhd medication are extended-release and work over a longer time period. The majority of stimulants prescribed by doctors for ADHD belong to the methylphenidate group. The most commonly prescribed methylphenidate is Adderall. Other brand names include Concerta, Ritalin and Focalin.
Amphetamines may also be used to treat ADHD. However they have a more amplifying effect than methylphenidates. In the past, these substances were used by truck drivers, athletes, and students for their ability to keep them awake and alert. Amphetamines may also increase blood pressure, heart rate and appetite. Some doctors will only prescribe this group of drugs to children with severe symptoms that don't respond to other treatments.
Atomoxetine is another medicine that has been proven to be effective in treating ADHD. It works by preventing the reuptakes of noradrenaline, a chemical which aids in the transmission of messages between neurons. Atomoxetine is a drug that can be administered to teenagers, adults and children older than 5 years old, if Lisdexamfetamine or methylphenidate aren't available. It's available in tablets that are immediate-release or a controlled-release capsule taken once or twice a day.
The side effects of stimulant medication can include stomach upset and heart rate fluctuations or blood pressure, and Tics. Tics are sudden, repetitive motions or sounds that mimic eye blinking or throat clearance. Most people who take stimulants do not experience Tics, however some children and teens who are taking them may experience them. Other side effects of stimulant drugs include headaches, nausea and trouble sleeping.
The medication is only one element of the treatment program for ADHD. Other treatments include psychotherapy, behavior therapy, skills training and lifestyle modifications. The use of medication can be paired with other treatment methods to provide the most benefit for individuals with ADHD.
Treatment for ADHD continues into adulthood. As people age, a lot of them require medication, behavioral therapy or skill-building.
The National Resource Center for ADHD offers information and resources.
The FDA recommends that healthcare professionals check on patients when they are taking ADHD medication to ensure that the correct dose is being taken and that it is having a positive impact on the patient's symptoms. This means regular visits to the doctor to check for any negative reactions or other health problems. During these visits, a physician will inquire about any other medication the patient is taking, including prescription and non-prescription drugs as well as over-the counter medicines, supplements, and herbal remedies.